Research · Original measurement, September 2026

Can an AI agent use your website? We measured 304 home pages

Browser-use agents read a page through its accessibility tree, the same structure a screen reader uses. We took that view of the home pages of the FTSE 100 and of UK local authorities and counted what an agent cannot name: buttons and links with no accessible name, images with no alt text, fields with no label. The per-site results are below and downloadable; the method is stated so it can be repeated.

Updated September 2026Reviewed by The Accessibility.build team

What an agent sees

of 304 measured home pages expose at least one control with no name to an agent
19%This study,
of 24,045 controls in the agent's view have no name
1.0%This study,
of measured FTSE 100 home pages have a nameless control, against 11.7% of councils
35.4%This study,
of measured home pages have at least one image with no alt attribute
11%This study,
of measured home pages have a skip link; WebAIM found 17.1% across the top million
78%This study; WebAIM Million 2026,
measured home pages running a known accessibility overlay
3This study,

Why an agent and a screen reader fail on the same page

Anthropic's browser-use tool, generally available since 19 August 2026, operates a page “through its structure: the accessibility tree, elements, forms, and tabs”. OpenAI's computer-using agent and Google's Mariner ground their actions in the same tree plus a screenshot. The tree is what a screen reader has always read: for each control, a role and a name. When the name is missing, a screen reader announces “button” and an agent receives - button. Neither can tell it from the next one.

This is not a new class of defect. It is WCAG 4.1.2, the criterion pleaded in Robles v. Domino's, and it is what WebAIM found on 30.6% of the top million home pages (empty buttons) and 46.3% (empty links) in 2026. What has changed is who is affected. Agentic traffic passed half of all internet traffic in June 2026, and an agent acting for a sighted customer fails on the same nameless button a blind customer does.

Method

Two samples, both reproducible from Wikidata queries: companies in the FTSE 100 index with an official website, and UK local authorities (unitary, district, county and London borough councils) with an official website. Each home page was loaded once on 2026-09-02 in headless Chromium through Playwright at 1280 by 900, waited 2.5 seconds after DOM ready, and its ARIA snapshot was taken.

In the snapshot every control is a line such as - button "Search" or, when the accessible name computation yields nothing, - button. We counted both for buttons, links, text boxes, checkboxes, radios, comboboxes, menu items, tabs, switches, sliders and search boxes. Separately, in the DOM, we counted images with no alt attribute, form fields with no label by any mechanism, the language attribute, h1 count, skip links, a main landmark, untitled iframes and markers of known accessibility overlays.

Sites that returned an HTTP error, blocked automated browsers, or produced a tree of fewer than twenty lines were excluded rather than scored, and the number excluded is reported for each group. A site can be excluded and still be inaccessible; we simply could not measure it.

Results

FTSE 100

FTSE 100 constituents: 99 home pages measured (28 of 127 excluded)
Controls in the agent's view7,804
Controls with no name182 (2.3%)
Sites with at least one nameless control35 (35.4%)
Images with no alt attribute308 of 3,783, on 25 sites
Form fields with no label79 of 700, on 30 sites
Sites with no language declared1 (1%)
Sites with no h111 (11%)
Sites with more than one h122 (22%)
Sites with a skip link56 (57%)
Sites with no main landmark19 (19%)
Sites with an untitled iframe34 (34%)
Sites running an accessibility overlay3 (3%)
FTSE 100 constituents: nameless controls by role
RoleNamedUnnamedUnnamed share
link6,3001502%
button1,019232%
textbox4137%
checkbox14318%
menuitem11522%
combobox1915%
tab6700%
radio2100%
searchbox1200%
switch1100%
slider300%
Every measured site in FTSE 100 constituents (99), worst first
Per-site measurements for FTSE 100 constituents
SiteControlsUnnamedImages missing altFields unlabelledLangh1Skip linkMainOverlay
Inmarsat inmarsat.com7831 (39.7%)0 / 340 / 11Yes0NoYesNo
Bunzl plc bunzl.com4212 (28.6%)0 / 390 / 9Yes1YesYesNo
CRH crh.com13834 (24.6%)10 / 703 / 3Yes0NoNoYes
Spirax Group plc spiraxgroup.com397 (17.9%)0 / 150 / 4Yes2NoYesNo
Renishaw plc renishaw.com619 (14.8%)3 / 71 / 9Yes1YesNoNo
AVEVA aveva.com7110 (14.1%)3 / 501 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
JD Sports jdplc.com597 (11.9%)0 / 210 / 11Yes1YesYesNo
Intermediate Capital Group icgam.com806 (7.5%)7 / 191 / 12Yes1NoYesYes
JD Sports jdsports.fr1208 (6.7%)41 / 842 / 6Yes12NoNoNo
JD Sports jdsports.de1327 (5.3%)44 / 922 / 6Yes13NoNoNo
Hikma Pharmaceuticals hikma.com794 (5.1%)0 / 210 / 3Yes6NoYesNo
GSK gsk.com703 (4.3%)0 / 130 / 5Yes1YesYesNo
Morrisons morrisons.com1446 (4.2%)0 / 681 / 9Yes1NoYesNo
Antofagasta plc antofagasta.co.uk1004 (4%)0 / 102 / 2No13NoNoNo
Informa informa.com783 (3.8%)7 / 360 / 1Yes1YesNoNo
JD Sports jdsports.be1114 (3.6%)41 / 802 / 6Yes13NoNoNo
JD Sports jdsports.es1194 (3.4%)42 / 842 / 6Yes13NoNoNo
International Airlines Group iairgroup.com632 (3.2%)2 / 90 / 16Yes2NoYesYes
Hiscox hiscoxgroup.com782 (2.6%)0 / 230 / 10Yes1YesYesNo
Abrdn aberdeenplc.com461 (2.2%)0 / 140 / 8Yes1YesYesNo
Carnival Corporation carnivalcorp.com992 (2%)0 / 230 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
RELX relx.com501 (2%)0 / 71 / 4Yes2YesNoNo
RELX relx.com501 (2%)0 / 71 / 4Yes2YesNoNo
Prudential plc prudentialplc.com1042 (1.9%)2 / 361 / 1Yes5YesYesNo
Weir Group global.weir1032 (1.9%)0 / 370 / 0Yes6NoYesNo
Flutter Entertainment flutter.com531 (1.9%)0 / 721 / 10Yes1YesYesNo
Just Eat justeattakeaway.com541 (1.9%)0 / 160 / 0Yes0YesYesNo
National Grid plc nationalgrid.com581 (1.7%)75 / 1104 / 13Yes1YesNoNo
Rentokil Initial rentokil-initial.com621 (1.6%)0 / 151 / 1Yes1YesNoNo
IHG Hotels & Resorts ihgplc.com661 (1.5%)0 / 780 / 1Yes0NoYesNo
Persimmon plc persimmonhomes.com671 (1.5%)0 / 240 / 4Yes1NoNoNo
Taylor Wimpey taylorwimpey.co.uk651 (1.5%)0 / 230 / 2Yes4NoYesNo
Tesco tescoplc.com681 (1.5%)0 / 240 / 9Yes1NoYesNo
Smith & Nephew smith-nephew.com771 (1.3%)6 / 1480 / 17Yes4NoYesNo
Smurfit Westrock Group smurfitkappa.com1031 (1%)0 / 870 / 11Yes1YesYesNo
3i 3i.com1110 (0%)0 / 930 / 13Yes1YesYesNo
AstraZeneca astrazeneca.com670 (0%)0 / 110 / 4Yes1YesYesNo
Autotrader Ltd autotrader.co.uk1090 (0%)0 / 390 / 3Yes1YesYesNo
Avast Limited avast.com650 (0%)1 / 1680 / 4Yes1NoNoNo
Aviva aviva.co.uk1480 (0%)0 / 130 / 10Yes1YesYesNo
Aviva aviva.com1690 (0%)0 / 160 / 14Yes1YesYesNo
B&M bmstores.co.uk1200 (0%)0 / 590 / 10Yes1YesYesNo
BP bp.com500 (0%)0 / 90 / 0Yes1NoYesNo
Barclays home.barclays480 (0%)0 / 180 / 8Yes1NoYesNo
Barclays barclays.co.uk710 (0%)1 / 170 / 0Yes1NoYesNo
Barratt Developments barrattredrow.co.uk400 (0%)0 / 121 / 16Yes1YesYesNo
Berkeley Group Holdings berkeleygroup.co.uk620 (0%)0 / 420 / 7Yes0YesYesNo
British American Tobacco bat.com740 (0%)0 / 280 / 8Yes1YesYesNo
British Land britishland.com680 (0%)0 / 300 / 1Yes1NoYesNo
Centrica centrica.com590 (0%)0 / 290 / 9Yes3YesYesNo
Croda International croda.com1470 (0%)0 / 280 / 7Yes1NoYesNo
DCC Energy plc dccenergy.com500 (0%)0 / 190 / 3Yes1YesYesNo
DS Smith dssmith.com710 (0%)0 / 200 / 1Yes2NoYesNo
Diageo diageo.com1050 (0%)0 / 951 / 10Yes1YesYesNo
Direct Line Group aviva.com1690 (0%)0 / 160 / 14Yes1YesYesNo
Entain entaingroup.com400 (0%)0 / 40 / 1Yes4NoYesNo
Experian experian.com890 (0%)1 / 380 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
Ferguson Enterprises corporate.ferguson.com560 (0%)0 / 50 / 2Yes0YesYesNo
Fresnillo plc fresnilloplc.com910 (0%)0 / 170 / 1Yes1NoYesNo
Glencore glencore.com550 (0%)0 / 130 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
HSBC hsbc.com400 (0%)0 / 142 / 22Yes1YesYesNo
Halma plc halma.com630 (0%)0 / 160 / 5Yes1YesYesNo
Hargreaves Lansdown hl.co.uk1040 (0%)0 / 321 / 7Yes2YesYesNo
Homeserve homeservegroup.com290 (0%)0 / 170 / 0Yes0YesYesNo
ITV plc itvplc.com570 (0%)0 / 71 / 12Yes5YesYesNo
Intertek intertek.com710 (0%)1 / 292 / 9Yes1NoYesNo
JD Sports jdsports.co.uk360 (0%)0 / 430 / 10Yes1YesYesNo
John Wood Group plc woodgroup.com770 (0%)0 / 626 / 9Yes1NoYesNo
Johnson Matthey matthey.com570 (0%)0 / 70 / 1Yes8YesYesNo
Kingfisher plc kingfisher.com500 (0%)0 / 560 / 4Yes1YesYesNo
London Stock Exchange Group lseg.com670 (0%)2 / 170 / 9Yes1NoYesNo
M&G Investments group.mandg.com1030 (0%)0 / 280 / 30Yes1YesYesNo
Marks & Spencer marksandspencer.com1200 (0%)1 / 2230 / 3Yes1YesYesNo
Melrose Industries melroseplc.net780 (0%)0 / 280 / 10Yes1NoYesNo
Micro Focus International opentext.com680 (0%)0 / 150 / 2Yes1NoNoNo
Mondi Group mondigroup.com1660 (0%)0 / 263 / 3Yes0YesYesNo
NMC Health nmc.ae3440 (0%)0 / 23328 / 49Yes1NoYesNo
NatWest Group natwestgroup.com610 (0%)9 / 420 / 10Yes1YesYesNo
Pearson plc pearson.com490 (0%)0 / 110 / 8Yes1YesYesNo
Pennon Group pennon-group.co.uk500 (0%)0 / 140 / 10Yes0NoNoNo
Pershing Square Holdings pershingsquareholdings.com310 (0%)0 / 20 / 4Yes1NoYesNo
Phoenix Group standardlifeplc.com560 (0%)0 / 231 / 9Yes1YesYesNo
RSA Insurance Group rsainsurance.co.uk430 (0%)1 / 100 / 0Yes2NoYesNo
Reckitt reckitt.com470 (0%)0 / 480 / 8Yes1YesYesNo
Rightmove rightmove.co.uk1320 (0%)0 / 40 / 10Yes1NoYesNo
Rolls-Royce rolls-royce.com670 (0%)0 / 270 / 6Yes1YesYesNo
SSE plc sse.com700 (0%)2 / 82 / 3Yes1NoYesNo
Sage Group sage.com1010 (0%)1 / 360 / 10Yes1NoNoNo
Scottish Mortgage Investment Trust scottishmortgage.com120 (0%)0 / 100 / 17Yes1NoYesNo
Shell shell.com570 (0%)0 / 140 / 0Yes1YesYesNo
Shire plc takeda.com490 (0%)0 / 123 / 13Yes1YesYesNo
Smiths Group smiths.com560 (0%)0 / 1411 / 12Yes1YesYesNo
St. James's Place Wealth Management Group sjp.co.uk770 (0%)0 / 160 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
St. James's Place Wealth Management Group partnership.sjp.co.uk250 (0%)2 / 100 / 1Yes0NoNoNo
Standard Chartered sc.com390 (0%)0 / 50 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
United Utilities unitedutilities.com570 (0%)0 / 180 / 6Yes2YesYesNo
Vodafone vodafone.com1770 (0%)3 / 1081 / 5Yes1YesYesNo
WPP plc wpp.com470 (0%)0 / 170 / 10Yes1NoNoNo
Whitbread whitbread.co.uk500 (0%)0 / 190 / 3Yes0NoYesNo

UK local authorities

UK local authorities: 205 home pages measured (98 of 303 excluded)
Controls in the agent's view16,241
Controls with no name59 (0.4%)
Sites with at least one nameless control24 (11.7%)
Images with no alt attribute57 of 8,981, on 7 sites
Form fields with no label98 of 5140, on 38 sites
Sites with no language declared1 (0%)
Sites with no h110 (5%)
Sites with more than one h190 (44%)
Sites with a skip link181 (88%)
Sites with no main landmark15 (7%)
Sites with an untitled iframe48 (23%)
Sites running an accessibility overlay0 (0%)
UK local authorities: nameless controls by role
RoleNamedUnnamedUnnamed share
link13,888530%
button1,49840%
textbox15411%
combobox2913%
menuitem23400%
checkbox19000%
searchbox9100%
tab4700%
switch2900%
radio2200%
Every measured site in UK local authorities (205), worst first
Per-site measurements for UK local authorities
SiteControlsUnnamedImages missing altFields unlabelledLangh1Skip linkMainOverlay
Eastleigh eastleigh.gov.uk11811 (9.3%)0 / 90 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
Cheshire West and Chester cheshirewestandchester.gov.uk504 (8%)0 / 20 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
City of Portsmouth portsmouth.gov.uk645 (7.8%)0 / 40 / 13Yes0YesYesNo
Malvern Hills malvernhills.gov.uk685 (7.4%)0 / 110 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
Havant havant.gov.uk433 (7%)0 / 80 / 2Yes3YesYesNo
London Borough of Barking and Dagenham lbbd.gov.uk714 (5.6%)0 / 72 / 8Yes2YesYesNo
Bedford bedford.gov.uk753 (4%)0 / 160 / 15Yes2YesYesNo
Cotswold cotswold.gov.uk502 (4%)0 / 130 / 4Yes5YesYesNo
East Hampshire easthants.gov.uk763 (3.9%)0 / 50 / 1Yes5YesYesNo
Staffordshire Moorlands staffsmoorlands.gov.uk512 (3.9%)0 / 190 / 2Yes1NoYesNo
High Peak highpeak.gov.uk522 (3.8%)0 / 190 / 2Yes1NoYesNo
Thurrock thurrock.gov.uk682 (2.9%)0 / 150 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
Isles of Scilly scilly.gov.uk391 (2.6%)0 / 10 / 2Yes1YesNoNo
West Oxfordshire westoxon.gov.uk441 (2.3%)0 / 50 / 4Yes4YesYesNo
Cheltenham cheltenham.gov.uk521 (1.9%)0 / 70 / 4Yes3YesYesNo
Dover dover.gov.uk1362 (1.5%)0 / 150 / 3Yes2YesNoNo
North Hertfordshire north-herts.gov.uk671 (1.5%)1 / 90 / 14Yes1YesYesNo
Tendring tendringdc.gov.uk681 (1.5%)0 / 232 / 2Yes1YesNoNo
Mole Valley molevalley.gov.uk761 (1.3%)2 / 71 / 4Yes1YesYesNo
Dundee City Council dundeecity.gov.uk1191 (0.8%)1 / 335 / 9Yes2YesYesNo
South Staffordshire sstaffs.gov.uk1291 (0.8%)0 / 171 / 5Yes1YesYesNo
London Borough of Ealing ealing.gov.uk1631 (0.6%)0 / 10 / 21Yes2YesYesNo
London Borough of Tower Hamlets towerhamlets.gov.uk1791 (0.6%)0 / 80 / 2Yes4YesYesNo
South Kesteven southkesteven.gov.uk1991 (0.5%)0 / 280 / 1Yes0YesYesNo
Aberdeen City Council aberdeencity.gov.uk90 (0%)0 / 45 / 6Yes1YesYesNo
Angus Council angus.gov.uk790 (0%)0 / 130 / 9Yes2YesYesNo
Argyll and Bute Council argyll-bute.gov.uk1000 (0%)0 / 80 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
Arun arun.gov.uk710 (0%)0 / 1131 / 5Yes2YesYesNo
Ashfield ashfield.gov.uk610 (0%)0 / 70 / 4Yes1YesNoNo
Ashford ashford.gov.uk1330 (0%)0 / 665 / 7Yes2YesYesNo
Babergh babergh.gov.uk530 (0%)0 / 90 / 2Yes2YesYesNo
Bassetlaw bassetlaw.gov.uk820 (0%)0 / 20 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
Bath and North East Somerset bathnes.gov.uk480 (0%)0 / 21 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
Blaby blaby.gov.uk1010 (0%)0 / 170 / 4Yes2NoYesNo
Blackpool blackpool.gov.uk880 (0%)0 / 70 / 3Yes2YesNoNo
Bolsover bolsover.gov.uk1130 (0%)0 / 150 / 1Yes1NoYesNo
Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole bcpcouncil.gov.uk930 (0%)0 / 40 / 5Yes1NoYesNo
Bracknell Forest bracknell-forest.gov.uk440 (0%)0 / 40 / 4Yes2YesYesNo
Braintree braintree.gov.uk610 (0%)0 / 150 / 4Yes2YesYesNo
Brentwood brentwood.gov.uk670 (0%)0 / 120 / 14Yes1YesYesNo
Brighton and Hove brighton-hove.gov.uk630 (0%)0 / 100 / 4Yes1YesYesNo
Broxbourne broxbourne.gov.uk580 (0%)0 / 100 / 11Yes1YesYesNo
Broxtowe broxtowe.gov.uk830 (0%)0 / 182 / 5Yes2YesYesNo
Burnley burnley.gov.uk610 (0%)0 / 140 / 5Yes1YesYesNo
Cambridge cambridge.gov.uk1220 (0%)0 / 310 / 11Yes2YesYesNo
Cannock Chase cannockchasedc.gov.uk790 (0%)0 / 260 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
Canterbury canterbury.gov.uk890 (0%)0 / 52 / 4Yes1YesYesNo
Castle Point castlepoint.gov.uk740 (0%)0 / 70 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
Central Bedfordshire centralbedfordshire.gov.uk550 (0%)0 / 100 / 9Yes1YesYesNo
Charnwood charnwood.gov.uk740 (0%)0 / 70 / 8Yes1NoYesNo
Chelmsford chelmsford.gov.uk840 (0%)0 / 140 / 1Yes2YesYesNo
Cherwell cherwell.gov.uk620 (0%)0 / 320 / 10Yes1YesYesNo
Cheshire East cheshireeast.gov.uk440 (0%)0 / 50 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
Chesterfield chesterfield.gov.uk1220 (0%)0 / 335 / 11Yes2YesYesNo
City of Bristol bristol.gov.uk1070 (0%)0 / 120 / 3Yes3YesYesNo
City of Derby derby.gov.uk490 (0%)0 / 210 / 3Yes1YesYesNo
City of Edinburgh Council edinburgh.gov.uk460 (0%)0 / 50 / 2Yes2YesYesNo
City of Kingston upon Hull hull.gov.uk700 (0%)0 / 612 / 11Yes1YesYesNo
City of Leicester leicester.gov.uk540 (0%)0 / 110 / 5Yes1YesYesNo
City of Nottingham nottinghamcity.gov.uk930 (0%)0 / 30 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
City of Peterborough peterborough.gov.uk410 (0%)0 / 100 / 1Yes1NoYesNo
City of Plymouth plymouth.gov.uk570 (0%)0 / 60 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
City of Stoke-on-Trent stoke.gov.uk1570 (0%)0 / 35 / 29Yes2NoYesNo
City of Westminster westminster.gov.uk910 (0%)0 / 120 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
City of York york.gov.uk470 (0%)0 / 210 / 5Yes2YesYesNo
Clackmannanshire Council clacks.gov.uk1340 (0%)0 / 170 / 2No1NoNoNo
Colchester new.colchester.gov.uk450 (0%)0 / 62 / 8Yes0YesYesNo
Comhairle nan Eilean Siar cne-siar.gov.uk520 (0%)0 / 200 / 4Yes2YesYesNo
Cornwall cornwall.gov.uk500 (0%)0 / 90 / 6Yes1YesNoNo
Crawley crawley.gov.uk450 (0%)0 / 20 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
Cumberland cumberland.gov.uk590 (0%)0 / 70 / 4Yes1YesYesNo
Dartford dartford.gov.uk1010 (0%)0 / 312 / 4Yes2YesYesNo
Derbyshire Dales derbyshiredales.gov.uk680 (0%)0 / 90 / 1Yes1NoYesNo
Easington placetobe.co.uk10 (0%)0 / 211 / 1Yes1NoYesNo
East Ayrshire Council east-ayrshire.gov.uk480 (0%)0 / 70 / 1Yes2YesYesNo
East Cambridgeshire eastcambs.gov.uk380 (0%)0 / 110 / 4Yes1YesYesNo
East Dunbartonshire Council eastdunbarton.gov.uk700 (0%)0 / 450 / 2Yes2YesYesNo
East Hertfordshire eastherts.gov.uk770 (0%)0 / 70 / 11Yes1YesYesNo
East Suffolk eastsuffolk.gov.uk1010 (0%)0 / 110 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
Elmbridge elmbridge.gov.uk520 (0%)0 / 80 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
Epping Forest eppingforestdc.gov.uk760 (0%)0 / 60 / 1Yes2YesYesNo
Epsom and Ewell epsom-ewell.gov.uk4710 (0%)0 / 140 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
Erewash erewash.gov.uk850 (0%)0 / 80 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
Falkirk Council falkirk.gov.uk590 (0%)4 / 80 / 11Yes1YesYesNo
Fareham fareham.gov.uk520 (0%)0 / 130 / 8Yes2NoYesNo
Fife Council fife.gov.uk940 (0%)0 / 90 / 5Yes1YesYesNo
Forest of Dean fdean.gov.uk460 (0%)0 / 90 / 4Yes4YesYesNo
Fylde new.fylde.gov.uk280 (0%)0 / 30 / 15Yes1NoNoNo
Gedling gedling.gov.uk540 (0%)0 / 90 / 5Yes1YesYesNo
Gloucester gloucester.gov.uk590 (0%)0 / 145 / 12Yes2YesYesNo
Gravesham gravesham.gov.uk750 (0%)0 / 210 / 2Yes2YesYesNo
Guildford guildford.gov.uk570 (0%)0 / 140 / 3Yes1NoYesNo
Halton www3.halton.gov.uk350 (0%)1 / 40 / 1Yes0YesNoNo
Harborough harborough.gov.uk880 (0%)0 / 20 / 4Yes2YesYesNo
Harlow harlow.gov.uk640 (0%)46 / 620 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
Hart hart.gov.uk660 (0%)0 / 70 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
Hartlepool hartlepool.gov.uk660 (0%)0 / 90 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
Herefordshire herefordshire.gov.uk1070 (0%)0 / 80 / 1Yes5YesYesNo
Hertsmere hertsmere.gov.uk600 (0%)0 / 70 / 4Yes2YesYesNo
Highland Council highland.gov.uk700 (0%)0 / 131 / 9Yes1YesYesNo
Horsham horsham.gov.uk710 (0%)0 / 80 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
Huntingdonshire huntsdc.gov.uk760 (0%)0 / 50 / 6Yes1YesYesNo
Hyndburn hyndburnbc.gov.uk940 (0%)0 / 91 / 12Yes1YesYesNo
Ipswich ipswich.gov.uk600 (0%)0 / 190 / 2Yes2YesYesNo
King's Lynn and West Norfolk west-norfolk.gov.uk1200 (0%)0 / 10 / 2Yes1NoYesNo
Lichfield lichfielddc.gov.uk560 (0%)0 / 160 / 2Yes2YesYesNo
Lincoln lincoln.gov.uk840 (0%)0 / 50 / 3Yes1YesYesNo
London Borough of Bexley bexley.gov.uk620 (0%)0 / 80 / 7Yes2YesYesNo
London Borough of Brent brent.gov.uk560 (0%)0 / 290 / 11Yes1YesYesNo
London Borough of Bromley bromley.gov.uk530 (0%)0 / 80 / 1Yes2YesYesNo
London Borough of Camden camden.gov.uk490 (0%)0 / 80 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
London Borough of Croydon croydon.gov.uk550 (0%)0 / 113 / 5Yes1YesYesNo
London Borough of Enfield enfield.gov.uk610 (0%)0 / 530 / 1Yes2YesYesNo
London Borough of Hackney hackney.gov.uk400 (0%)0 / 65 / 8Yes1YesYesNo
London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham lbhf.gov.uk810 (0%)0 / 20440 / 1383Yes2YesYesNo
London Borough of Haringey haringey.gov.uk1350 (0%)0 / 195 / 19Yes1YesYesNo
London Borough of Havering havering.gov.uk1970 (0%)0 / 19971 / 1387Yes1YesYesNo
London Borough of Hillingdon pre.hillingdon.gov.uk660 (0%)0 / 170 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
London Borough of Islington islington.gov.uk520 (0%)0 / 190 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
London Borough of Lambeth lambeth.gov.uk490 (0%)0 / 100 / 10Yes1YesYesNo
London Borough of Lewisham lewisham.gov.uk880 (0%)0 / 19980 / 1381Yes1YesYesNo
London Borough of Merton merton.gov.uk660 (0%)0 / 100 / 8Yes2YesYesNo
London Borough of Newham newham.gov.uk810 (0%)0 / 80 / 4Yes2YesYesNo
London Borough of Redbridge redbridge.gov.uk760 (0%)0 / 530 / 7Yes1YesYesNo
London Borough of Richmond upon Thames richmond.gov.uk1010 (0%)0 / 160 / 23Yes2YesYesNo
London Borough of Wandsworth wandsworth.gov.uk850 (0%)0 / 130 / 25Yes2YesYesNo
Maidstone maidstone.gov.uk500 (0%)0 / 90 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
Maldon maldon.gov.uk770 (0%)0 / 20 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
Mansfield mansfield.gov.uk490 (0%)0 / 40 / 2Yes2YesYesNo
Melton melton.gov.uk880 (0%)0 / 170 / 4Yes1NoYesNo
Mid Devon middevon.gov.uk980 (0%)0 / 20 / 1Yes2YesYesNo
Mid Suffolk midsuffolk.gov.uk530 (0%)0 / 90 / 2Yes2YesYesNo
Mid Sussex midsussex.gov.uk560 (0%)0 / 40 / 2Yes4NoYesNo
Midlothian Council midlothian.gov.uk830 (0%)0 / 10 / 2Yes3YesNoNo
Newark and Sherwood newark-sherwooddc.gov.uk500 (0%)0 / 40 / 8Yes1YesYesNo
Newcastle-under-Lyme newcastle-staffs.gov.uk910 (0%)0 / 330 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
North East Derbyshire ne-derbyshire.gov.uk800 (0%)0 / 70 / 5Yes1NoYesNo
North East Lincolnshire nelincs.gov.uk1390 (0%)0 / 280 / 10Yes0YesYesNo
North Kesteven n-kesteven.gov.uk610 (0%)0 / 190 / 2Yes2YesYesNo
North Lanarkshire Council northlanarkshire.gov.uk800 (0%)0 / 90 / 3Yes1YesYesNo
North Norfolk north-norfolk.gov.uk630 (0%)0 / 110 / 8Yes0YesYesNo
North Northamptonshire northnorthants.gov.uk1250 (0%)0 / 00 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
North Somerset n-somerset.gov.uk810 (0%)0 / 40 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
North West Leicestershire nwleics.gov.uk940 (0%)0 / 310 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
North Yorkshire northyorks.gov.uk510 (0%)0 / 40 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
Norwich norwich.gov.uk510 (0%)0 / 60 / 2Yes0YesYesNo
Nuneaton and Bedworth nuneatonandbedworth.gov.uk650 (0%)0 / 100 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
Oadby and Wigston oadby-wigston.gov.uk870 (0%)0 / 170 / 3Yes1YesYesNo
Orkney Islands Council orkney.gov.uk790 (0%)0 / 170 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
Oxford oxford.gov.uk1060 (0%)0 / 130 / 13Yes1YesYesNo
Reading reading.gov.uk820 (0%)0 / 250 / 2Yes2YesNoNo
Redcar and Cleveland redcar-cleveland.gov.uk660 (0%)0 / 60 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
Redditch redditchbc.gov.uk4950 (0%)0 / 233 / 16Yes0YesYesNo
Reigate and Banstead reigate-banstead.gov.uk480 (0%)0 / 40 / 2Yes2NoYesNo
Renfrewshire Council renfrewshire.gov.uk930 (0%)0 / 40 / 5Yes2YesYesNo
Ribble Valley ribblevalley.gov.uk630 (0%)0 / 170 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
Rochford rochford.gov.uk590 (0%)0 / 60 / 4Yes1YesYesNo
Rossendale rossendale.gov.uk1200 (0%)0 / 520 / 2Yes2YesYesNo
Royal Borough of Greenwich royalgreenwich.gov.uk480 (0%)0 / 73 / 9Yes1YesYesNo
Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames kingston.gov.uk890 (0%)0 / 117 / 18Yes1YesYesNo
Rugby rugby.gov.uk780 (0%)0 / 60 / 3Yes4YesYesNo
Runnymede runnymede.gov.uk630 (0%)0 / 150 / 8Yes2YesYesNo
Rushmoor rushmoor.gov.uk1190 (0%)2 / 110 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
Rutland rutland.gov.uk570 (0%)0 / 150 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
Scottish Borders Council scotborders.gov.uk550 (0%)0 / 70 / 2Yes2YesYesNo
Sevenoaks sevenoaks.gov.uk280 (0%)0 / 00 / 1Yes1NoYesNo
Shetland Islands Council shetland.gov.uk720 (0%)0 / 410 / 2Yes2YesYesNo
Shropshire next.shropshire.gov.uk790 (0%)0 / 70 / 4Yes1YesYesNo
Somerset somerset.gov.uk580 (0%)0 / 50 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
South Cambridgeshire scambs.gov.uk980 (0%)0 / 360 / 6Yes2YesYesNo
South Gloucestershire southglos.gov.uk1090 (0%)0 / 132 / 4Yes1YesNoNo
South Lanarkshire Council southlanarkshire.gov.uk610 (0%)0 / 90 / 1Yes1NoYesNo
South Oxfordshire southoxon.gov.uk1140 (0%)0 / 545 / 9Yes2YesNoNo
Southend-on-Sea southend.gov.uk520 (0%)0 / 70 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
Spelthorne spelthorne.gov.uk780 (0%)0 / 20 / 4Yes2YesYesNo
St Albans stalbans.gov.uk1100 (0%)0 / 241 / 4Yes1YesYesNo
Stafford staffordbc.gov.uk940 (0%)0 / 80 / 1Yes2YesYesNo
Stevenage stevenage.gov.uk530 (0%)0 / 30 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
Stirling Council stirling.gov.uk670 (0%)0 / 60 / 4Yes1YesYesNo
Surrey Heath surreyheath.gov.uk420 (0%)0 / 80 / 3Yes1YesYesNo
Swale swale.gov.uk700 (0%)0 / 60 / 2Yes1YesYesNo
Swindon swindon.gov.uk1490 (0%)0 / 90 / 3Yes3NoYesNo
Tamworth tamworth.gov.uk360 (0%)0 / 50 / 1Yes0YesYesNo
Tandridge tandridge.gov.uk550 (0%)0 / 280 / 4Yes1YesNoNo
Telford and Wrekin telford.gov.uk1070 (0%)0 / 170 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
Thanet thanet.gov.uk800 (0%)0 / 291 / 11Yes1YesYesNo
The Moray Council moray.gov.uk1180 (0%)0 / 61 / 16Yes2YesYesNo
Torbay torbay.gov.uk1030 (0%)0 / 30 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
Tunbridge Wells tunbridgewells.gov.uk620 (0%)0 / 340 / 1Yes2YesYesNo
Vale of White Horse whitehorsedc.gov.uk1140 (0%)0 / 545 / 10Yes2YesNoNo
Warrington warrington.gov.uk610 (0%)0 / 151 / 3Yes0YesYesNo
Warwick warwickdc.gov.uk960 (0%)0 / 230 / 6Yes1NoYesNo
Watford watford.gov.uk700 (0%)0 / 220 / 2Yes2YesYesNo
Welwyn Hatfield welhat.gov.uk690 (0%)0 / 560 / 3Yes2YesYesNo
West Dunbartonshire Council west-dunbarton.gov.uk820 (0%)0 / 350 / 3Yes1YesYesNo
West Lindsey west-lindsey.gov.uk650 (0%)0 / 200 / 2Yes2YesYesNo
West Lothian Council westlothian.gov.uk1020 (0%)0 / 350 / 1Yes1NoYesNo
West Northamptonshire westnorthants.gov.uk720 (0%)0 / 161 / 19Yes1YesYesNo
Westmorland and Furness westmorlandandfurness.gov.uk490 (0%)0 / 71 / 5Yes1YesYesNo
Winchester winchester.gov.uk730 (0%)0 / 240 / 3Yes4YesYesNo
Windsor and Maidenhead rbwm.gov.uk510 (0%)0 / 60 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
Woking woking.gov.uk560 (0%)0 / 61 / 9Yes1YesYesNo
Wokingham wokingham.gov.uk660 (0%)0 / 71 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
Worthing adur-worthing.gov.uk640 (0%)0 / 120 / 1Yes1YesYesNo
Wyre wyre.gov.uk550 (0%)0 / 50 / 1Yes1YesYesNo

What to take from it

The public sector, which has had a legal duty since 2020, does markedly better. Councils expose a nameless control on 11.7% of measured home pages against 35.4% for FTSE 100 companies, and their nameless share of all controls is 0.4% against 2.3%. The duty, the monitoring and the mandatory statement appear to have worked on the defect class an agent meets first.

The defects are few per site and easy to find. Most sites with a problem have one to five nameless controls, usually icon buttons and image links in the header or a carousel. Any of the four checkers in our tools benchmark reports them, and the accessible name previewer shows exactly what the agent receives for any snippet.

This is a floor, not a verdict. A home page with every control named can still hide an unusable checkout, and the measurement says nothing about keyboard traps, focus visibility, timing or content. It measures the one thing an agent cannot work around: a control it cannot name.

Get the data

Every number on this page is available as CSV and JSON under a CC BY 4.0 licence. Cite Accessibility.build and the underlying sources (Accessibility.build measurement; samples from Wikidata). Last updated .

Whole dataset (JSON)

Frequently asked questions

Why does an AI agent care whether a button has a name?
Browser-use agents from Anthropic, OpenAI and Google act on a page through its accessibility tree, where every control is a role plus a name. A button with no name reaches the agent as 'button' and nothing else, so the agent cannot reliably choose it, describe it, or report what it did. It is the same failure a screen reader user hits, which is why the fix is the same: an accessible name.
How was the agent's view measured?
Each home page was loaded in headless Chromium with Playwright, and the ARIA snapshot of the page body was taken: a text rendering of the accessibility tree, one line per node, in which a control either carries a quoted name or does not. Controls counted are buttons, links, text boxes, checkboxes, radios, comboboxes, menu items, tabs, switches, sliders and search boxes. Sites that returned an error, blocked automation or produced a near-empty tree were excluded and the count of exclusions is reported.
Is this a WCAG audit?
No. It is one automated measurement of the home page, taken once, of the defects an agent hits first. It says nothing about checkout, forms beyond the home page, keyboard traps, focus visibility or content. A site with zero unnamed controls here can still be unusable; a site with several may be fine everywhere else. Treat it as a screening measure with the method published so it can be repeated.
Why FTSE 100 companies and UK councils?
Both are public, defined lists that anyone can reproduce from Wikidata, and they represent two different obligations: councils have had a legal duty to meet WCAG since 2020 under the Public Sector Bodies Accessibility Regulations, while listed companies have only the general duty of the Equality Act and, where they sell into the EU, the European Accessibility Act.

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